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Amy Joy Lanou, PhD, Senior Nutrition Scientist at the Physician's Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) et al., explained in their Mar. 2005 Pediatrics article "Calcium, Dairy Products, and Bone Health in Children and Young Adults: A Reevaluation of the Evidence":

“Calcium intake, turnover, and absorption and excretion rates determine the availability of calcium for bone growth and development [referred to as the calcium balance]… Factors that affect calcium balance, including dietary calcium intake, likely play a role in bone development… Dairy products contain nutrients, including protein, sodium, and in some cases, supplemental vitamin D, all of which influence calcium balance and bone mineralization and alter or negate the effect of dairy calcium in the body’s mineral economy. Animal protein and sodium, in particular, tend to increase calcium excretion…

Increases in dairy or total dietary calcium intake (>400-500 mg/day) are not correlated with or a predictor of BMD [bone mineral density] or fracture rate in children and adolescents. We found no evidence to support the notion that milk is a preferred source of calcium…

Available evidence does not support nutritional guidelines focused specifically on increasing milk or other dairy product intake for promoting child and adolescent bone mineralization.”

Mar. 2005